References

  1. Hawley RS: Exchange and chromosomal segregation in eukaryotes.

    In: Genetic Recombination (Edited by: Kucherlapati R, Smith GR). American Society for Microbiology 1988 , 497-527. OpenURL

  2. Grell R: Distributive pairing.

    In: The Genetics and Biology of Drosophila (Edited by: Ashburner M, Novitski E). Academic Press 1976 , 435-486. OpenURL

  3. Carpenter AT: Distributive segregation: motors in the polar wind?

    Cell 1991 , 64:885-890. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  4. Hawley RS, Irick H, Zitron AE, Haddox DA, Lohe A, New C, Whitley MD, Arbel T, Jang J, McKim K, et al.: There are two mechanisms of achiasmate segregation in Drosophila females, one of which requires heterochromatic homology.

    Dev Genet 1992 , 13:440-467. PubMed Abstract OpenURL

  5. Dernburg AF, Sedat JW, Hawley RS: Direct evidence of a role for heterochromatin in meiotic chromosome segregation.

    Cell 1996 , 86:135-146. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  6. Karpen GH, Le MH, Le H: Centric heterochromatin and the efficiency of achiasmate disjunction in Drosophila female meiosis.

    Science 1996 , 273:118-122. PubMed Abstract OpenURL

  7. Koehler KE, Hassold TJ: Human aneuploidy: lessons from achiasmate segregation in Drosophila melanogaster.

    Ann Hum Genet 1998 , 62:467-479. Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  8. Carpenter AT: A meiotic mutant defective in distributive disjunction in Drosophila melanogaster.

    Genetics 1973 , 73:393-428. PubMed Abstract OpenURL

  9. Dawson DS, Murray AW, Szostak JW: An alternative pathway for meiotic chromosome segregation in yeast.

    Science 1986 , 234:713-717. PubMed Abstract OpenURL

  10. Molnar M, Bahler J, Kohli J, Hiraoka Y: Live observation of fission yeast meiosis in recombination-deficient mutants: a study on achiasmate chromosome segregation.

    J Cell Sci 2001 , 114:2843-2853. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  11. Keeney S: Mechanism and control of meiotic recombination initiation.

    Curr Top Dev Biol 2001 , 52:1-53. PubMed Abstract OpenURL

  12. Cao L, Alani E, Kleckner N: A pathway for generation and processing of double-strand breaks during meiotic recombination in S. cerevisiae.

    Cell 1990 , 61:1089-1101. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  13. Sun H, Treco D, Szostak JW: Extensive 3'-overhanging, single-stranded DNA associated with the meiosis-specific double-strand breaks at the ARG4 recombination initiation site.

    Cell 1991 , 64:1155-1161. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  14. Cervantes MD, Farah JA, Smith GR: Meiotic DNA breaks associated with recombination in S. pombe.

    Mol Cell 2000 , 5:883-888. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  15. Zenvirth D, Simchen G: Meiotic double-strand breaks in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

    Curr Genet 2000 , 38:33-38. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  16. Bergerat A, Gadelle D, Forterre P: Purification of a DNA topoisomerase II from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Sulfolobus shibatae. A thermostable enzyme with both bacterial and eucaryal features.

    J Biol Chem 1994 , 269:27663-27669. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  17. Bergerat A, de Massy B, Gadelle D, Varoutas P-C, Nicolas A, Forterre P: An atypical topoisomerase II from archaea with implication for meiotic recombination.

    Nature 1997 , 386:414-417. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  18. de Massy B, Rocco V, Nicolas A: The nucleotide mapping of DNA double-strand breaks at the CYS3 initiation site of meiotic recombination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

    EMBO J 1995 , 14:4589-4598. PubMed Abstract OpenURL

  19. Keeney S, Kleckner N: Covalent protein-DNA complexes at the 5' strand termini of meiosis-specific double-strand breaks in yeast.

    Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995 , 92:11274-11278. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text OpenURL

  20. Liu J, Wu TC, Lichten M: The location and structure of double-strand DNA breaks induced during yeast meiosis: evidence for a covalently linked DNA-protein intermediate.

    EMBO J 1995 , 14:4599-4608. PubMed Abstract OpenURL

  21. Keeney S, Giroux CN, Kleckner N: Meiosis-specific DNA double-strand breaks are catalyzed by Spo11, a member of a widely conserved protein family.

    Cell 1997 , 88:375-384. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  22. Dernburg AF, McDonald K, Moulder G, Barstead R, Dresser M, Villeneuve AM: Meiotic recombination in C. elegans initiates by a conserved mechanism and is dispensable for homologous chromosome synapsis.

    Cell 1998 , 94:387-398. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  23. McKim KS, Hayashi-Hagihara A: mei-W68 in Drosophila melanogaster encodes a Spo11 homolog: evidence that the mechanism for initiating meiotic recombination is conserved.

    Genes Dev 1998 , 12:2932-2942. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  24. Baudat F, Manova K, Yuen JP, Jasin M, Keeney S: Chromosome synapsis defects and sexually dimorphic meiotic progression in mice lacking Spo11.

    Mol Cell 2000 , 6:989-998. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  25. Romanienko PJ, Camerini-Otero RD: The mouse Spo11 gene is required for meiotic chromosome synapsis.

    Mol Cell 2000 , 6:975-987. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  26. McKim KS, Green-Marroquin BL, Sekelsky JJ, Chin G, Steinberg C, Khodosh R, Hawley RS: Meiotic synapsis in the absence of recombination.

    Science 1998 , 279:876-878. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  27. Celerin M, Merino ST, Stone JE, Menzie AM, Zolan ME: Multiple roles of Spo11 in meiotic chromosome behavior.

    EMBO J 2000 , 19:2739-2750. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  28. Grelon M, Vezon D, Gendrot G, Pelletier G: AtSPO11-1 is necessary for efficient meiotic recombination in plants.

    EMBO J 2001 , 20:589-600. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text OpenURL

  29. Cha RS, Weiner BM, Keeney S, Dekker J, Kleckner N: Progression of meiotic DNA replication is modulated by interchromosomal interaction proteins, negatively by Spo11p and positively by Rec8p.

    Genes Dev 2000 , 14:493-503. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  30. Lin Y, Smith GR: Transient, meiosis-induced expression of the rec6 and rec12 genes of Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

    Genetics 1994 , 136:769-779. PubMed Abstract OpenURL

  31. Zhang MQ, Marr TG: Fission yeast gene structure and recognition.

    Nucleic Acids Res 1994 , 22:1750-1759. PubMed Abstract OpenURL

  32. Maundrell K: Thiamine-repressible expression vectors pREP and pRIP for fission yeast.

    Gene 1993 , 123:127-130. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  33. DeVeaux LC, Hoagland NA, Smith GR: Seventeen complementation groups of mutations decreasing meiotic recombination in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

    Genetics 1992 , 130:251-262. PubMed Abstract OpenURL

  34. Schuchert P, Kohli J: The ade6-M26 mutation of Schizosaccharomyces pombe increases the frequency of crossing over.

    Genetics 1988 , 119:507-515. OpenURL

  35. Grimm C, Bahler J, Kohli J: M26 recombinational hotspot and physical conversion tract analysis in the ade6 gene of Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

    Genetics 1994 , 136:41-51. PubMed Abstract OpenURL

  36. Munz P: An analysis of interference in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

    Genetics 1994 , 137:701-707. PubMed Abstract OpenURL

  37. Cooper JP, Watanabe Y, Nurse P: Fission yeast Taz1 protein is required for meiotic telomere clustering and recombination.

    Nature 1998 , 392:828-831. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  38. Krawchuk MD, DeVeaux LC, Wahls WP: Meiotic chromosome dynamics dependent upon the rec8+, rec10+, and rec11+ genes of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

    Genetics 1999 , 153:57-68. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  39. Molnar M, Parisi S, Kakihara Y, Nojima H, Yamamoto A, Hiraoka Y, Bozsik A, Sipiczki M, Kohli J: Characterization of rec7, an early meiotic recombination gene in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

    Genetics 2001 , 157:519-532. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  40. Tanaka K, Hirata A: Ascospore development in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe and S. japonicus.

    J Cell Sci 1982 , 56:263-279. PubMed Abstract OpenURL

  41. Shimoda C, Hirata A, Kishida M, Hashida T, Tanaka K: Characterization of meiosis-deficient mutants by electron microscopy and mapping of four essential genes in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

    Mol Gen Genet 1985 , 200:252-257. PubMed Abstract OpenURL

  42. Hirata A, Shimoda C: Structural modification of spindle pole bodies during meiosis II is essential for normal formation of ascospores in Schizosaccharomyces pombe: ultrastructural analysis of spo mutants.

    Yeast 1994 , 10:173-183. PubMed Abstract OpenURL

  43. Ponticelli AS, Smith GR: Meiotic recombination-deficient mutants of Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

    Genetics 1989 , 123:45-54. PubMed Abstract OpenURL

  44. Molnar M, Bahler J, Sipiczki M, Kohli J: The rec8 gene of Schizosaccharomyces pombe is involved in linear element formation, chromosome pairing and sister-chromatid cohesion during meiosis.

    Genetics 1995 , 141:61-73. PubMed Abstract OpenURL

  45. Niwa O, Yanagida M: Triploid meiosis and aneuoploidy in Schizosaccharomyces pombe: an unstable aneuploid disomic for chromosome III.

    Curr Genet 1985 , 9:463-470. OpenURL

  46. Watanabe Y, Nurse P: Cohesin Rec8 is required for reductional chromosome segregation at meiosis.

    Nature 1999 , 400:461-464. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  47. Krawchuk MD, Wahls WP: Centromere mapping functions for aneuploid meiotic products: analysis of rec8, rec10, and rec11 mutants of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

    Genetics 1999 , 153:49-55. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  48. Fox ME, Smith GR: Control of meiotic recombination in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

    Prog Nucleic Acid Res Mol Biol 1998 , 61:345-378. PubMed Abstract OpenURL

  49. Merino ST, Cummings WJ, Acharya SN, Zolan ME: Replication-dependent early meiotic requirement for Spo11 and Rad50.

    Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2000 , 97:10477-10482. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text OpenURL

  50. Klapholz S, Waddell CS, Esposito RE: The role of the SPO11 gene in meiotic recombination in yeast.

    Genetics 1985 , 110:187-216. PubMed Abstract OpenURL

  51. Diaz RL, Alcid AD, Berger JM, Keeney S: Identification of residues in yeast Spo11p critical for meiotic DNA double-strand break formation.

    Mol Cell Biol 2002 , 22:1106-1115. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text OpenURL

  52. Nabeshima K, Kakihara Y, Hiraoka Y, Nojima H: A novel meiosis-specific protein of fission yeast, Meu13p, promotes homologous pairing independently of homologous recombination.

    EMBO J 2001 , 20:3871-3881. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text OpenURL

  53. Wolf KW: How meiotic cells deal with non-exchange chromosomes.

    Bioessays 1994 , 16:107-114. PubMed Abstract OpenURL

  54. Gutz H, Heslot H, Leupold U, Loprieno N: Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

    In: Handbook of Genetics (Edited by: King RC). Plenum Press 1974 , 395-446. OpenURL

  55. Kohli J, Hottinger H, Munz P, Strauss A, Thuriaux P: Genetic mapping in Schizosaccharomyces pombe by mitotic and meiotic analysis and induced haploidization.

    Genetics 1977 , 87:471-489. OpenURL

  56. Wahls WP, Smith GR: A heteromeric protein that binds to a meiotic homologous recombination hot spot: correlation of binding and hot spot activity.

    Genes Dev 1994 , 8:1693-1702. PubMed Abstract OpenURL

  57. Kon N, Schroeder SC, Krawchuk MD, Wahls WP: Regulation of the Mts1-Mts2-dependent ade6-M26 meiotic recombination hotspot and developmental decisions by the Spc1 mitogen-activated protein kinase of fission yeast.

    Mol Cell Biol 1998 , 18:7575-7583. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text OpenURL

  58. Kawasaki ES: Amplification of RNA.

    In: PCR protocols: a guide to methods and applications (Edited by: Innis MA, Gelfand DH, Sninsky JJ, White TJ). Academic Press, Inc. 1990 , 21-27. OpenURL

  59. Altschul SF, Madden TL, Schaffer AA, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Miller W, Lipman DJ: Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs.

    Nucleic Acids Res 1997 , 25:3389-3402. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text OpenURL

  60. Notredame C, Higgins DG, Heringa J: T-Coffee: A novel method for fast and accurate multiple sequence alignment.

    J Mol Biol 2000 , 302:205-217. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  61. Grimm C, Kohli J, Murray J, Maundrell K: Genetic engineering of Schizosaccharomyces pombe: a system for gene disruption and replacement using the ura4 gene as a selectable marker.

    Mol Gen Genet 1988 , 215:81-86. PubMed Abstract OpenURL

  62. Bähler J, Wu J-Q, Longtine MS, Shah NG, McKenzie A III, Steever AB, Wach A, Philippsen P, Pringle JR: Heterologous modules for efficient and versatile PCR-based gene targeting in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

    Yeast 1998 , 14:943-951. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  63. Francesconi S, Park H, Wang TS: Fission yeast with DNA polymerase delta temperature-sensitive alleles exhibits cell division cycle phenotype.

    Nucleic Acids Res 1993 , 21:3821-3828. PubMed Abstract OpenURL

  64. Kunkel TA, Roberts JD, Zakour RA: Rapid and efficient site-specific mutagenesis without phenotypic selection.

    Methods Enzymol 1987 , 154:367-382. PubMed Abstract OpenURL

  65. Kon N, Krawchuk MD, Warren BG, Smith GR, Wahls WP: Transcription factor Mts1/Mts2 (Atf1/Pcr1, Gad7/Pcr1) activates the M26 meiotic recombination hotspot in S. pombe.

    Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997 , 94:13765-13770. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text OpenURL

  66. Haldane JBS: The combination of linkage values, and the calculation of distances between loci of linked factors.

    J Genet 1919 , 8:299-309. OpenURL